AUTHENTICATION AND ATTRIBUTION 

PORTRAITS AND PORTRAIT MINIATURES

INTERNATIONAL FINE ART CONSULTANTS - ART AUTHENTICATION INVESTIGATION & RESEARCH EXPERTS 

ARTIST ATTRIBUTION ANALYSTS - PROVENANCE VERIFICATION -  FAKE & FORGERY DETECTION - ART FRAUD INVESTIGATORS  

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EXPERTS INVESTIGATEURS INTERNATIONAUX EN AUTHENTICITÉ DES BEAUX-ARTS - ARTISTES ATTRIBUTION LEGITIMACY CONSULTATIONS

INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE AUTHENTICITY AND ATTRIBUTION OF PORTRAITS

AUTENTICACIÓN Y ATRIBUCIÓN DE RETRATOS Y MINIATURAS DE RETRATO

AUTENTICAÇÃO E ATRIBUIÇÃO DE RETRATOS E MINIATURAS DE RETRATOS

AUTHENTIFICATION DE PORTRAITS ET MINIATURES ET ATTRIBUTIONS D'ARTISTES

 Portraits of the human form stem from the very beginnings of the history of arts time line.

Not just designed to portray and accurately record a sitters physical features, they were also made to define their character, status, or social position, often demonstrating the sitters great wealth and power.

 This type of art evolved all around the world as artistic forms in painting in all geographical locations and through all eras. Though these very different portraits may well be uniquely identifiable by characteristic nuances, accents and styles that were common to that nation and era, but also quite often, even to the hand that painted it.

 We are international fine art consultants, researchers and investigators with bases in the UK and Europe, specialising in conducting full investigations into the authenticity of works of art created by artists in all categories, regions and historical eras. We also scrutinize and track provenance and have been confidentially serving and advising both private individuals and corporate clients from around the world for over 45 years.

  Early Religious Portraits:

Depicted in a human form, scenes from ancient writings and accounts of the bible, establishing their words as tangible, recognizable and now in real ways to worshippers. In medieval art, the patrons of the stylised altarpieces and wall paintings that they commissioned, were frequently portrayed themselves in amongst the works.  Paintings like these that were not meant to be seen as realistic snapshots of a moment, in fact, they often are almost cartoon like in composition and defy direct comparable proportion of one figure to another.

Evolved throughout Europe, including polished English, French, Italian, Flemish and Spanish Portraits, which were seemingly reserved for the likes of royals and nobles, the aristocracy and the wealthy.

The Renaissance brought posed reality back to painting and established oil painting as the standard method of portrayal.

Displayed a theatrical and a more romanticised style. Elegant and exceptionally ornamental are terms that neatly describe its true characteristic flavour.

After about 1750, Eighteenth Century, portraitists and sculptors seldom bothered to sign their work and this was not only common in the Americas. It suited the British and Europeans too, making studio and artist attributions fairly tricky.

Evolved from the tradition of depicting subjects in the latest fashions and with the onset of the industrial revolution, a marked change would come about. The slightly less regal and affluent amongst society were to find portraiture flatteringly good to become involved with and for posterity and historical documentation, a useful thing to have around

In the 1500's, miniature paintings were popular with royalty to give as gifts to  deserving individuals. And it followed, that to show support of Elizabeth I, members of the court and the wealthy, would in turn wear miniature images of her. So the popularity of this art form began to grow rapidly. Around 1700, miniaturist artists first started to paint on ivory, replacing vellum on which to paint and until the middle of the century, most miniature artist were self taught, but this was soon to change.

 With the spread of greater wealth internationally, portraiture and miniature portraits became very popular and many artist, spotting the commercial possibilities, turned their hands to this form of art.

By the 1800's the formats started to change becoming bigger. Now square and rectangular paintings were being made, alongside the traditional oval and circular, so the fashion and fad spread rapidly.

Though with the advent of a new era in art, portraiture continued to exist both in traditional European fashion and American styles, experimenting in new and innovative techniques ensued in the arts and soon took over, rendering realism near obsolete. The Picasso's, Cezannes and Juan Gris of the world emerged and a brand new freedom of expression began.

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Portrait, portraitist. Portraits, oil, watercolour, watercolor, tempera, French portrait, British Portrait, Italian portrait, aristocrat, judge, reverend, female, male, portrait artist, sitter, portrait of a lady, portrait of a man, self portrait, portrait of an artist, profile, sitting, standing, 19th, century, miniature, ivory, Pope, cardinal, priest, monk, Leonardo, da Vinci, Rembrandt, van Eyck, Velazquez, Van Dyck, Holbein, Sargent, Chase, Cezanne, Landseer, Goya, Courbet, Ingres, Reynolds, Hogarth, Gainsborough, Folk, English British, Italian, Flemish, Dutch, Belgian, Spanish, Russian, German,

Portrait Authentication and studio Attribution Investigation Experts || Medieval Period Religious Portraits. Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo, American Colonial, 19th & 20th Century Portraiture || British, European, American, Italian, Flemish, French, Spanish and German artists studios

PORTRAIT AUTHENTICATION & ATTRIBUTION INVESTIGATION including Miniatures | Medieval & Religious Portraits. Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo, American Colonial, 19th & 20th Century Portraiture | British, European, American, Italian, Flemish, French, Spanish and German artists studios

PORTRAIT PAINTINGS.Authentication & Attribution investigations of All Periods and Nationalities including Miniatures. Britysh, American and European