Édouard Manet Authentication Expert International Investigations || Specialist Research Services and Provenance Verification || Identifiation of fakes

Fine Art Authentication

The duration and the direction of any authenticity investigation or an attribution of a work of art will inevitably vary from project to project. But there are clear and very well defined professional formalities, responsibilities and areas of scrutiny that we can formally assist you with, including:

Authentication: Authentification: Conducting comprehensive investigations and in depth research into a work of art with a view to establishing a correct, complete and formally recognized certification. One absolutely upheld by the appropriate, legally acknowledged and internationally sanctioned authority, body or expert on that given artist. Directing detailed and complicated inquiries, with multilingual capability, including any international academic research and forensic applications that are required.

Attribution: Identifying and confirming the identity of a previously anonymous artist, studio or workshop from which a work of art most likely originated. Including the re-examination and investigation of a previous attribution which may be incorrect, or the scrutiny of an attribution that has been formally questioned or is currently doubted.

Confirmation: Undertaking research and investigations into the legitimacy of the provenance, history and prior ownership of a work of art and establishing its accuracy and legitimacy.

Scrutiny: Examen minutieux:Identifying fake or faux works of art and forgeries, including any false supportive accompanying documentation and determining works of art which may be studio or later copies, or previously given incorrect attributions.

Prosecution: Poursuite: Investigating alleged art fraud and forgery and assisting and advising those who are currently , or may be considering litigating or prosecuting the fact. This includes colleagues who are legal professionals and individual private clients.

Attention: Conducting all fine art related due diligence and duty of care inquiries. Including safe prepurchase or sale related audits and assisting clients in consolidating a well balanced future family distribution.

Appraisal: Évaluation - Valuations and condition reports.

Édouard Manet : Step one in the Art Authentication and Attribution process.

The Pre-Authentication Assessment

Before you begin any authenticity, legitimacy, or artist attribution investigation, it is wise to have an impartial preliminary assessment of the viability of the project conducted first. One made to independently and rationally balance any negative issues there may be against the positive. You should treat this study as a safety net.

We will be happy to professionally undertake this for you, based upon good quality images that you supply and all the known facts regarding its acquisition, the history and provenance of the work of art as is known to you.

You will then have a far better understanding of the prospects and indeed the possible pitfalls that could lie ahead.

See our FAQ's for details of the process

CONTACT

We will respond to you promptly.

Avant d'entreprendre une enquête sur l'authenticité d'une œuvre d'art ou l'attribution d'un artiste, il est plus que prudent de procéder à une évaluation impartiale de sa faisabilité. Ceci est fait pour équilibrer indépendamment tous les problèmes négatifs qui peuvent exister contre le positif.

Nous serons heureux d'entreprendre cette étude d'une manière professionnelle pour vous que nous considérons comme votre principal filet de sécurité.
Il sera basé sur les images que vous fournissez et tous les faits connus concernant votre acquisition, son passé et la provenance de l'œuvre telle que vous la connaissez.
Vous aurez alors une meilleure compréhension des perspectives et des difficultés éventuelles à venir, avant de prendre une décision.

Antes de embarcarse en cualquier investigación de autenticidad artística o atribución de artista, es más que prudente realizar primero una evaluación imparcial de su viabilidad. Esto se hace para equilibrar independientemente cualquier problema negativo que pueda haber contra el positivo.

Nos complace emprender profesionalmente ese estudio para usted, que consideramos su red de seguridad. Se basará en las imágenes que usted suministre y todos los hechos conocidos con respecto a su adquisición, historia pasada y procedencia del trabajo tal como lo conoce.

Entonces tendrá una mejor comprensión.

ABOUT A WORK OF ART DESCRIPTOR AND ITS TERMINOLOGY

*It is important to very clearly understand the auction terms that are used in any published descriptor and to be cautious of works that may just be created in the manner of the artist, or those which could be variants of the artists works of art that bear a signature or monogram. In this case as if they were defining the creations of the British artist Édouard Manet 1832–1883.

Where the name, Édouard Manet 1832–1883 is given with the first name/s and surname of the artist, usually cited as Édouard Manet , including his dates, then in their qualified and professional opinion they are in no doubt. It is a genuine and authentic item and one painted by that artist. This is usually fully qualified by its inclusion in any catalogue raissone, or by the guarantee of the opinion given by the appropriate and internationally recognized expert authority on the artist.

When Attributed to Édouard Manet 1832–1883 is used, or it is similarly defined as 'ascribed to' or 'Attrib. to ' [abbreviated,] or Attribué à, or ascribed to, then in their opinion it is 'probably' a work by the artist, at least in part. But... there is no guarantee. It is only an opinion.

But if the term Édouard Manet - circle of, or “Circle of Édouard Manet ” is specifically used, then in their opinion, it is a work only of the period of the artist, but showing their influence. Or by someone closely associated with the artist, BUT not necessarily by their pupil or student.

When the name is given thus; Painted in the “Style of Édouard Manet ” or “Follower of Édouard Manet is used, this means that in their opinion it is a work of art executed only in the artist’s way, their 'style', but not necessarily by a pupil. Yet it may be a contemporary, or nearly a contemporary of the artist.

If the phrase in the “Manner of Édouard Manet is used or is defined….” then in their opinion it is also only a work painted in the style of the artist, but of a later date and definitely not by the artist as named.

When the term “After….Édouard Manet "; is the term used, then in their opinion it is a copy (made at any date) of an authentic and original work by the artist. This also applies to prints made 'after' an original work of art either by the artist or another artist/ printmaker.

Signed - Édouard Manet ; “Dated….” or “Inscribed Édouard Manet ” Then in their opinion the work has been signed/dated/or inscribed by that specific artist. The addition of a question mark ? however, indicates a strong element of doubt.

When the term 'bears signature', is used or the name, Édouard Manet is specified followed by the words; "With signature ….”, or “With date ….” or “With inscription….” or “Bears signature of Édouard Manet /date/or inscription” Then in 'their opinion,' either the signature / date / or inscription is spurious, forged or has been added by someone else other than the artist.

We can assist and advise you in all fine art related matters.

FREEMANART INTERNATIONAL FINE ART CONSULTANTS - ART AUTHENTICATION INVESTIGATIONS AND RESEARCH EXPERTS ARTIST ATTRIBUTION ANALYSTS - HISTORY AND PROVENANCE VERIFICATION - FAKE AND FORGERY DETECTION ART FRAUD INVESTIGATORS - DUE DILIGENCE SCRUTINY - ACQUISITION AND FINE ART ASSET MANAGEMENT EXPERTS INVESTIGATEURS INTERNATIONAUX EN AUTHENTICITÉ DES BEAUX-ARTS - ARTISTES ATTRIBUTION LEGITIMACY CONSULTATIONS EXPERTS INVESTIGATEURS INTERNATIONAUX EN AUTHENTICITÉ DES BEAUX-ARTS - ARTISTES ATTRIBUTION LEGITIMACY CONSULTATIONS ESPERTI INTERNAZIONALI INDAGINI SULL'AUTENTICAZIONE DELL'ARTE FINE - ATTRIBUZIONE DELL'ARTISTA E RICHIESTE DI LEGITTIMITÀ RICERCATORI SPECIALI DELL'ARTE FINE - SERVIZI DI VERIFICA DELLA PROVENIENZA - RILEVAMENTO DI FALSI E FORGERIA DUE DILIGENCE SCRUTINY - ACQUISIZIONE E GESTIONE DEL PATRIMONIO FINE ART
Investigating the Authenticity of Works of art believed to be by or attributed to Édouard Manet 1832–1883 FRENCH
It's very easy to confuse two very famous French artists indeed, particularly when only one letter separates their names.

E. Manet can easily be read as C. Monet and when they end up painting similar subjects and even paint in the same places, it can prove very challenging indeed. The Manet authenticity problem then compounds when you have a none typical work to contend with and other paintings or drawings signed Manet which sequence into known groups of paintings from his oeuvres that could in fact be forgeries. Perhaps one of the most famous fake Manets was bought by the National Gallery of Scotland. A still life which we have used for the graphic at the top of the page. Purportedly painted by Édouard Manet and featuring a top hat, bottle, book and cut flowers. Sadly, it proved to be a fake and painted by a Manet imitator. In recent years an ever growing number of paintings bearing the name Édouard Manet have been consigned for sale in auctions around the world and as the values of his works of art consistently climb, there is an ever greater need for confirmation of legitimacy. So it would follow, that any works of art that do surface from the mists of time will require both a comprehensive and thorough investigation of their backgrounds and similar scrutiny made for confirmation that any previously given attribution is correct. Or that any description of a work of art seemingly by Édouard Manet can truly be relied upon. There are many followers of his style and equally, many student of the arts emulators creating product that is similar. So with such very high values of his paintings prevailing in the art market and the demand even for modest works, then attempts at imitation by forgery at different levels is an obvious but sad consequence. Some simple ploys that are adopted by those intending to deceive are; add a signature or monogram to an otherwise anonymous work of a similar subject or style that of the artist. Apply a forged studio or collector stamp, or a new and persuasive inscription. Even print off and add an imposing gallery label to the back of a picture and the work itself need only to be one of a vaguely similar type to that of the artist that is claiming to be by for it to be passed off as legitimate. Signature addition, then, is the most common form of criminal deception that we see and its been going on for centuries. * * * We are international fine art consultants and investigators based in the UK, specialising in conducting full investigations into the authenticity of works of art created by artists in all categories, from all regions and historical eras. Scrutinize and track provenance and have been confidentially serving and advising both private individuals and corporate clients from around the world for over 45 years. We can assist and advise you in all fine art related matters, particularly issues of authenticity and the attribution of any old or modern master works of art, including the works of Édouard Manet, his circle, studio, or followers, or any works of art that you are unsure about. Some example works of art appear below as illustrations. Note: No inference is made nor is it intended as to the question of their legitimacy. Moreover they are an across the board representational view of the differing types of works that are and may be offered and advertised for sale at auction internationally.



Edouard Manet 1832–1883 Le Printemps Signed and dated 'manet 1881' Oil on canvas Painted in 1881 Estimate USD 25,000,000.00 - 35,000,000.00 Sold USD $65,125,000.00	Edouard Manet 1832–1883 L'Italienne Stamped with initials ‘E.M.’ (Lugt 880; lower left) Oil on canvas Painted in 1860 Estimate USD 3,000,000.00 - 5,000,000.00 Sold USD $11,000,000.00	Edouard Manet 1832–1883 Lilas et roses Signed ‘Manet’ (lower right) Oil on canvas Painted in 1882 Estimate USD 7,000,000.00 - 10,000,000.00 Sold USD $12,968,750.00



Edouard Manet 1832–1883 La jetée de Boulogne Signed 'Manet' Oil on canvas Painted in Boulogne-sur-Mer, 1868 Sold USD $3,625,000.00	Édouard Manet 1832–1883 VACHES AU PÂTURAGE Signed Manet. (lower right) Oil on panelPainted in Berck in 1873 Estimate USD 70,000.00 - 90,000.00 Sold USD $237,500.00	Édouard Manet 1832–1883 LE BUVEUR D’ABSINTHE Signed E. Manet and titled (upper left) Oil on canvas Painted in 1858. Sold GBP £161,000.00



Follower of Edouard Manet Belto Morico and her daughter Pastel Sold GBP £336.00	Circle of Edouard Manet 'A Maid of Alsace' Bears signature 'Manet', titled on frame Oil on panel Sold GBP £1,586.00	European School20th Century Still Life with Fruit Bears signature E. Manet (ll) Oil on panel Estimate: $200 - $400 Sold for $187.00

Fine Art Authentication The duration and the direction of any authenticity investigation or an attribution of a work of art will inevitably vary from project to project. But there are clear and very well defined professional formalities, responsibilities and areas of scrutiny that we can formally assist you with, including: Authentication: Authentification: Conducting comprehensive investigations and in depth research into a work of art with a view to establishing a correct, complete and formally recognized certification. One absolutely upheld by the appropriate, legally acknowledged and internationally sanctioned authority, body or expert on that given artist. Directing detailed and complicated inquiries, with multilingual capability, including any international academic research and forensic applications that are required. Attribution: Identifying and confirming the identity of a previously anonymous artist, studio or workshop from which a work of art most likely originated. Including the re-examination and investigation of a previous attribution which may be incorrect, or the scrutiny of an attribution that has been formally questioned or is currently doubted. Confirmation: Undertaking research and investigations into the legitimacy of the provenance, history and prior ownership of a work of art and establishing its accuracy and legitimacy. Scrutiny: Examen minutieux:Identifying fake or faux works of art and forgeries, including any false supportive accompanying documentation and determining works of art which may be studio or later copies, or previously given incorrect attributions. Prosecution: Poursuite: Investigating alleged art fraud and forgery and assisting and advising those who are currently , or may be considering litigating or prosecuting the fact. This includes colleagues who are legal professionals and individual private clients. Attention: Conducting all fine art related due diligence and duty of care inquiries. Including safe prepurchase or sale related audits and assisting clients in consolidating a well balanced future family distribution. Appraisal: Évaluation - Valuations and condition reports. Édouard Manet : Step one in the Art Authentication and Attribution process. The Pre-Authentication Assessment Before you begin any authenticity, legitimacy, or artist attribution investigation, it is wise to have an impartial preliminary assessment of the viability of the project conducted first. One made to independently and rationally balance any negative issues there may be against the positive. You should treat this study as a safety net. We will be happy to professionally undertake this for you, based upon good quality images that you supply and all the known facts regarding its acquisition, the history and provenance of the work of art as is known to you. You will then have a far better understanding of the prospects and indeed the possible pitfalls that could lie ahead. See our FAQ's for details of the process CONTACT We will respond to you promptly. Avant d'entreprendre une enquête sur l'authenticité d'une œuvre d'art ou l'attribution d'un artiste, il est plus que prudent de procéder à une évaluation impartiale de sa faisabilité. Ceci est fait pour équilibrer indépendamment tous les problèmes négatifs qui peuvent exister contre le positif. Nous serons heureux d'entreprendre cette étude d'une manière professionnelle pour vous que nous considérons comme votre principal filet de sécurité. Il sera basé sur les images que vous fournissez et tous les faits connus concernant votre acquisition, son passé et la provenance de l'œuvre telle que vous la connaissez. Vous aurez alors une meilleure compréhension des perspectives et des difficultés éventuelles à venir, avant de prendre une décision. Antes de embarcarse en cualquier investigación de autenticidad artística o atribución de artista, es más que prudente realizar primero una evaluación imparcial de su viabilidad. Esto se hace para equilibrar independientemente cualquier problema negativo que pueda haber contra el positivo. Nos complace emprender profesionalmente ese estudio para usted, que consideramos su red de seguridad. Se basará en las imágenes que usted suministre y todos los hechos conocidos con respecto a su adquisición, historia pasada y procedencia del trabajo tal como lo conoce. Entonces tendrá una mejor comprensión. ABOUT A WORK OF ART DESCRIPTOR AND ITS TERMINOLOGY It is important to very clearly understand the auction terms that are used in any published descriptor and to be cautious of works that may just be created in the manner of the artist, or those which could be variants of the artists works of art that bear a signature or monogram. In this case as if they were defining the creations of the British artist Édouard Manet 1832–1883. Where the name, Édouard Manet 1832–1883 is given with the first name/s and surname of the artist, usually cited as Édouard Manet , including his dates, then in their qualified and professional opinion they are in no doubt. It is a genuine and authentic item and one painted by that artist. This is usually fully qualified by its inclusion in any catalogue raissone, or by the guarantee of the opinion given by the appropriate and internationally recognized expert authority on the artist. When Attributed to Édouard Manet 1832–1883 is used, or it is similarly defined as 'ascribed to' or 'Attrib. to ' [abbreviated,] or Attribué à, or ascribed to, then in their opinion it is 'probably'* a work by the artist, at least in part. But... there is no guarantee. It is only an opinion. But if the term Édouard Manet - circle of, or “Circle of Édouard Manet ” is specifically used, then in their opinion, it is a work only of the period of the artist, but showing their influence. Or by someone closely associated with the artist, BUT not necessarily by their pupil or student. When the name is given thus; Painted in the “Style of Édouard Manet ” or “Follower of Édouard Manet is used, this means that in their opinion it is a work of art executed only in the artist’s way, their 'style', but not necessarily by a pupil. Yet it may be a contemporary, or nearly a contemporary of the artist. If the phrase in the “Manner of Édouard Manet is used or is defined….” then in their opinion it is also only a work painted in the style of the artist, but of a later date and definitely not by the artist as named. When the term “After….Édouard Manet "; is the term used, then in their opinion it is a copy (made at any date) of an authentic and original work by the artist. This also applies to prints made 'after' an original work of art either by the artist or another artist/ printmaker. Signed - Édouard Manet ; “Dated….” or “Inscribed Édouard Manet ” Then in their opinion the work has been signed/dated/or inscribed by that specific artist. The addition of a question mark ? however, indicates a strong element of doubt. When the term 'bears signature', is used or the name, Édouard Manet is specified followed by the words; "With signature ….”, or “With date ….” or “With inscription….” or “Bears signature of Édouard Manet /date/or inscription” Then in 'their opinion,' either the signature / date / or inscription is spurious, forged or has been added by someone else other than the artist. We can assist and advise you in all fine art related matters.
OTHER SPECIFIC EXPERTISE YOU MAY WISH TO NAVIGATE TO
OLD MASTER ART	17-18C EUROPEAN ROCOCO ART	EUROPEAN ART AUTHENTICATION	GERMAN ART AUTHENTICATION
ALTARPIECE & PANEL PAINTINGS	IMPRESSIONIST & MODERN ART	PONT- AVEN ECOLE D'ARTE	BARBIZON SCHOOL
BRITISH ART AUTHENTICATION	FRENCH ART AUTHENTICATION	SCOTTISH ART	DUTCH & FLEMISH ART
WEST COUNTRY & DEVON ART	CORNISH ART	AMERICAN ART AUTHENTICATION	COBRA MOVEMENT
RUSSIAN ART AUTHENTICATION	SPANISH ART	CUBAN ART	CANADIAN ART AUTHENTICATION
HUNGARIAN ART	NORDIC - SCANDINAVIAN ART	IRISH ART AUTHENTICATION	GROUP OF SEVEN
ISRAELI ART	Judaica - Jewish Art



APPEL KAREL - AUTHENTICATION	AIVAZOVSKY IVAN	BRANCUSI CONSTANTIN	BOUDIN EUGENE AUTHENTICATION
BOUVARD - Famile.	CEZANNE PAUL	CHAGALL MARC - AUTHENTICATION	CONSTABLE JOHN
CORNEILLE Guillaume Beverloo	COROT CAMILE	CORTES EDOUARD	COURBET GUSTAVE
CROME JOHN	DE KOONING WILLEM	DEGAS EDGAR	DERAIN ANDRE
DOU GERRIT - AUTHENTICATION	DUFY RAOUL	GAINSBOROUGH Thomas	GAUGUIN PAUL
GRIS JUAN	KHALO FRIDA	KIRCHNER ERNST LUDWIG	KRIEGHOFF CORNELIUS
LAM WILFREDO	LEGER FERNAND	LIEBERMAN MAX	LOWRY L S
MATISSE HENRI	MALEVICH KAZIMIR	MIRO JOAN	MODIGLIANI AMADEO
MONDRIAN PIET	MONET CLAUDE	MORISOT BERTHE	PICASSO PABLO
PISSARRO CAMILLE	POPPELMANN PETER	REMBRANDT VAN RIJN	REMINGTON FREDERIC
RENOIR PIERRE	REYNOLDS JOSHUA	ROUSSEAU THEODORE	SOUTINE CHAIM
SPENLOVE-SPENLOVE FRANK	TITIAN / TIZIANO	TURNER J. M. W.	UTRILLO MAURICE
VAN GOGH VINCENT	VLAMINCK MAURICE de	VOUILLARD EDOUARD	WILLS JAMES REV
CONYERS BARKER	HUGHES Derrick	GAUGUIN INDEXES	FOUJITA LEONARD TSUGUHARU
KLINE FRANZ	ROBERT MOTHERWELL	BILIBIN IVAN	BASQUIAT JEAN-MICHEL
PECHSTEIN MAX	ROUALT GEORGE	BUFFET BERNARD	Sir ARTHUR STREETON
MUNNINGS Sir Alfred James	FRAGONARD Jean Honore	GREUZE Jean Baptiste	HOMER WINSLOW
DAUMIER HONORE	KREGTEN FEDOR van	CSALLOKOZI Farkas Lőrinc	de LEMPICKA TAMARA

EDOUARD MANET	Johannes Molzahn	Johan Barthold Jongkind	Díaz de la Peña
PAUL KLEE	GOYA	Albert MARQUET	de CHIRICO
AMOS CASSIOLI

ART ADVISORS	CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS	APPRAISALS	FORENSIC IMAGING
FORENSIC FINE ART ANALYSIS	RESEARCH AND INVESTIGATION	ART BROKERAGE	FORENSIC HANDWRITING
INSURANCE	TV AND FILM	WRITING AND TV	PICASSO STUDIO PHOTOGRAPH
CATALOGE RAISSONES	VALUATIONS

FAQ'S	PRIVACY POLICY	TERMS AND CONDITIONS
CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS	CORPORATE CLIENT LIST	PROFILE
CONTACT US		CONTACT US