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Investigating the Authenticity of Paintings and Drawings believed to be by or Attributed to;

DOMENICOS THEOTOCOPOULOS  ~ EL GRECO

(Crete 1541-1614 Toledo)

 Doménikos Theotokópoulos, most widely known as El Greco, was a Greek painter, sculptor and architect of the Spanish Renaissance era.

Moving to Italy and settling in Venice, El Greco was a student of Titian.

 As an artist, El Greco has been characterized as a man who was so individual that he belonged to no conventional school. He often depicted gaunt, grey and tormented looking figures, with elongated hands and eyes turned upwards to heaven.

His works inspired many followers, copyists and emulators.

El Greco set up his principal workshop in Toledo, where he received numerous commissions from patrons and it is said he produced the best examples of his work. These tended to be large, religious paintings, all painted in his distinctive and highly personal style.

 Take for instance Saint Ildefonso c. 1603/1614, an oil on canvas, painted for the Santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Caridad in Illescas, Toledo, where it still hangs. There are copies made by his students, Luis Tristán de Escamilla, Diego d'Astor and later artists too, but showing that even the best of his pupils could not match the master painter. The best version however is probably the replica of the altarpiece held at the National gallery Washington.

 We are international fine art consultants, specializing in conducting full investigations and scrutiny of the authenticity of works of art created by all artists, in all categories, from all regions and historical eras.

Confidentially serving both private individuals and corporate clients from around the world for over 45 years, we can assist and advise you in all fine art related matters, particularly issues of authenticity, legitimacy and attribution of old and modern master works of art. Including the works of El Greco and his circle, or paintings or works of art that you are unsure about.

Follower of Domenikos Theotokopoulos,

called El Greco St. Francis and Brother Leo meditating on death
Price realised USD $42,000

SPANISH SCHOOL, EARLY 17TH CENTURY. FOLLOWER OF EL GRECO. Saint Francis and the layman.Oil on canvas According to the original by El Greco, housed in the National Galery of Ottawa  US$9,948

Manner of Domenikos Theotokopoulos, El Greco Head of an Apostle oil on canvas. £13,750

FINE ART AUTHENTICATION

  Though both the duration and direction of any old master attribution investigation will naturally vary from project to project, there are well defined responsibilities, areas of scrutiny and professional formalities that we can assist you with including:

Authentication:  Conducting and directing comprehensive investigations and in depth research, with a view to establishing a correct, full and formally recognized certification of a work of art. One absolutely upheld by the appropriate, legally acknowledged and internationally sanctioned authority, body or expert on that given artist.

Directing detailed and complicated inquiries with multilingual, international academic research and any forensic applications.

 Attribution: Identifying and confirming the identity of a previously anonymous artist, studio or workshop from which a work of art most likely originated. Including the re-examination and investigation of a previous attribution which may be incorrect, or the scrutiny of an attribution that has been formally questioned or doubted.

 Confirmation:  Undertaking research and investigations into the legitimacy of the provenance, history and prior ownership of a work of art and establishing its own accuracy.

 Scrutiny:  Identifying fake works of art and forgeries, including any false supportive accompanying documentation and determining works of art which may be studio or later copies, or previous incorrect attributions.

 Prosecution:  Investigating alleged art fraud and forgery and assisting and advising those who are , or may be considering litigating or prosecuting the fact. This includes legal professionals and private clients.

 Attention:  Conducting all fine art related due diligence and duty of care inquiries. Including safe prepurchase or sale related audits and assisting clients in consolidating a well balanced future family distribution.

 Appraisal: Valuations, quality and condition reports.

Step one in the El Greco Art Authentication and Attribution process.

The Pre-Authentication Assessment

 Before you begin any art authenticity, legitimacy, or any artist attribution investigation, it is more than wise to have an impartial preliminary assessment of the viability of the project conducted first. One made to independently and rationally balance any negative issues there may be against the positive elements. Treat it as your safety net.

 We will be happy to professionally undertake that study for you as a primary safety net, based upon good quality images that you supply and all the known facts regarding its acquisition, the history and provenance of the work as is known to you.

You will then have a far better understanding of the prospects and pitfalls that could lie ahead.

See our FAQ's for details of the process

CONTACT US

We will respond to you promptly.

  Avant d'entreprendre une enquête sur l'authenticité d'une œuvre d'art ou l'attribution d'un artiste, il est plus que prudent de procéder à une évaluation impartiale de sa faisabilité. Ceci est fait pour équilibrer indépendamment tous les problèmes négatifs qui peuvent exister contre le positif.

Nous serons heureux d'entreprendre cette étude d'une manière professionnelle pour vous que nous considérons comme votre principal filet de sécurité.
Il sera basé sur les images que vous fournissez et tous les faits connus concernant votre acquisition, son passé et la provenance de l'œuvre telle que vous la connaissez. Vous aurez alors une meilleure compréhension des perspectives et des difficultés éventuelles à venir, avant de prendre une décision.

  Antes de embarcarse en cualquier investigación de autenticidad artística o atribución de artista, es más que prudente realizar primero una evaluación imparcial de su viabilidad. Esto se hace para equilibrar independientemente cualquier problema negativo que pueda haber contra el positivo.

Nos complace emprender profesionalmente ese estudio para usted, que consideramos su red de seguridad. Se basará en las imágenes que usted suministre y todos los hechos conocidos con respecto a su adquisición, historia pasada y procedencia del trabajo tal como lo conoce.

Entonces tendrá una mejor comprensión.

ABOUT PAINTING DESCRIPTORS

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 It is important to understand the auction terms used in any published descriptor and to be cautious of works that may be painted in the style of the artist, or even copies of his works which happen to bear a signature. In this case El Greco.

If - El Greco ; Is given with the first name/s and surname of the artist, Then in their opinion it is the genuine authentic item, painted by the artist himself.

But if El Greco; Is described as “Attributed to ….” That in their opinion it is 'probably' a work by the artist, at least in part.

El Greco ; “Studio of ….” or “Workshop of” or "atelier"  Then in their opinion it is a work executed in the studio or workshop of the artist. Possibly by an apprentice or a pupil under the principal artists supervision.

But if the term El Greco ; “Circle of ….” ids used, then in their opinion it is a work of the period of the artist and showing his influence, or closely associated with the artist BUT not necessarily by his pupil.

El Greco ; In the “Style of ….” or “Follower of ….”  Means in their opinion it is a work of art executed only in the artist’s style, but not necessarily by a pupil. But it may be contemporary, or nearly contemporary.

El Greco ; “Manner of ….” In their opinion it's a work in the style of the artist but of a later date and definitely not by the artist.

El Greco; “After ….” In their opinion it is a copy (made at any date) of an authentic and original work by the artist.

El Greco ; “Signed…”, “Dated….” or “Inscribed” In their opinion the work has been signed/dated/or inscribed by that specific artist. The addition of a question mark indicates an element of doubt.

El Greco folowwed by; "With signature ….”, “With date ….” or “With inscription….” or “Bears signature/date/inscription” Then in their opinion, the signature / date / or inscription is spurious, forged or has been added by someone else other than the artist.

Remember, we can assist and advise you in all fine art related matters.

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